General Vocab:
- cell membrane: protective layer around the cell that controls what substances go in and out of the cell.
- cell wall: helps to protect and support the cell. Made of a strong material called cellulose. Many materials can pass
through the cell wall, including water and oxygen. - cytoplasm: the region (area) between the cell membrane and the nucleus made of a gel-like fluid that is constantly moving. The organelles float in this area.
- nuclear envelope: a membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus.
- nucleus: the “brain” or “control center” of the cell. The nucleus directs all of the activities in the cell.
- chromatin: strands of genetic material which are located in the nucleus. Chromatin are the “messages” which direct cell functions.
- nucleolus: a structure inside the nucleus where ribosomes are made.
- mitochondria: “power houses” of the cell. They convert energy from food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. They turn food into energy.
- endoplasmic reticulum (ER): has passage ways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another. Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum has no ribosomes.
- ribosomes: “factories” that produce protein.
- golgi bodies: the cell’s “mail room.” Receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic
reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell. - vacuoles: an organelle that acts as a “storage” area in the
cell. It stores water, food, and waste. - lysosome: the “clean up crew” of the cell. Small, round structures containing chemicals that break unwanted materials or dying organelles in the cell.
- chloroplast: found in plant cells. Chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell. They contain chlorophyll, which makes leaves green.
ANIMAL CELL
PLANT CELL
Exercise:
1) Write a “check mark” for yes if the cell at the top of the column has the organelle and leave the space blank if it doesn’t
Color the animal cell (exploringnature.org)
Practice:
Crossword Fun!
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